Reading material: The Rise of Environmental Activism in Korea
Introduction
Vocabulary
| 환경운동 | hwangyeongundong | environmental movement | |
| 시민단체 | simindanche | civic organization | |
| 공해 | gonghae | pollution | |
| 지속가능성 | jisokganeungseong | sustainability | |
| 생태계 | saengtagye | ecosystem | |
| 기업의 사회적 책임 | gieobui sahoejeok chaekim | corporate social responsibility | |
| 녹색성장 | noksaengsang | green growth | |
| 재생에너지 | jaesaengeneoji | renewable energy | |
| 환경정책 | hwangyeongjeongchaek | environmental policy | |
| 기후변화 | gihubyeonhwa | climate change |
Reading Text
한국에서는 1960년대와 1970년대에 급속한 경제성장을 이루었지만, 그 과정에서 환경 문제가 심각해졌습니다.
In Korea, rapid economic growth was achieved in the 1960s and 1970s, but this process led to severe environmental problems.
시민들은 공해와 자연 파괴에 대한 우려를 표하기 시작했고, 시민단체들이 환경보호를 위한 운동을 펼치기 시작했습니다.
Citizens began to express concerns about pollution and the destruction of nature, and civic organizations started to mobilize environmental protection movements.
1980년대와 1990년대에 들어서면서 환경운동은 더욱 활발해졌고, 정부와 기업들도 지속가능성에 대한 인식을 높이기 시작했습니다.
In the 1980s and 1990s, the environmental movement became more active, and the government and corporations began to increase their awareness of sustainability.
환경부가 설립되고 환경관련 법률이 제정되면서, 환경보호와 기업의 사회적 책임에 대한 논의가 활발해졌습니다.
With the establishment of the Ministry of Environment and the enactment of environmental laws, discussions on environmental protection and corporate social responsibility became more prevalent.
2000년대 이후, 녹색성장과 재생에너지 사용 확대 등 환경정책이 강화되었고, 기후변화 대응도 중요한 과제로 대두되었습니다.
Since the 2000s, environmental policies have been strengthened, including green growth and the expansion of renewable energy use, and responding to climate change has emerged as an important issue.
시민사회와 환경운동가들은 지속적으로 환경보호와 생태계 보전을 위한 노력을 기울이고 있습니다.
Civil society and environmental activists continue to make efforts to protect the environment and preserve ecosystems.
Grammar Points
-지만 but / however
Attached to a verb stem to mean 'but' or 'however', contrasting two clauses.
📖 한국에서는 1960년대와 1970년대에 급속한 경제성장을 이루었지만, 그 과정에서 환경 문제가 심각해졌습니다. Korea achieved rapid economic growth in the 1960s and 1970s, but environmental problems became serious in the process.
✏️ 오늘 날씨가 맑지만 바람이 많이 불어요. The weather is clear today, but it's very windy.
-기 위해(서) in order to
Used to express purpose or intention, meaning 'in order to'. Here it appears as '위한' (modifying a noun), derived from the same '위하다' structure.
📖 시민단체들이 환경보호를 위한 운동을 펼치기 시작했습니다. Civic groups began to launch movements for environmental protection.
✏️ 건강을 위해서 매일 운동을 해요. I exercise every day in order to stay healthy.
Cultural Notes
The environmental movement in Korea has its roots in the rapid industrialization and urbanization that took place in the 1960s and 1970s, when economic growth was prioritized over environmental concerns. As citizens witnessed the negative impact of pollution and environmental degradation, grassroots organizations and advocacy groups emerged to demand action from the government and corporations.
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