Reading material: Korean folk tale ‘Gold Axe, Silver Axe’

Helpful? Recommend it so other learners can find it.
Korean Reading Practice

Reading material: Korean folk tale ‘Gold Axe, Silver Axe’

Date: July 13, 2023

Introduction

This lesson explores one of Korea's most beloved and enduring folk tales, "Gold Axe, Silver Axe" (금도끼 은도끼), which has been transmitted orally through generations and continues to teach moral lessons about integrity and the dangers of avarice. The story presents a classic narrative structure in which a humble woodcutter encounters a supernatural being and must choose between material wealth and honesty. Through this parable, Korean culture emphasizes virtues such as modesty, sincerity, and the belief that ethical behavior ultimately brings greater rewards than deception.

Vocabulary

Korean Romanization Meaning Example
욕심 yoksim greed; avarice; excessive desire 욕심이 많으면 결국 모든 것을 잃게 된다.If one is consumed by greed, one eventually loses everything.
신령 sinryeong divine spirit; deity; supernatural being 산신령이 나타나 그에게 세 가지 선택지를 제시했다.A mountain spirit appeared and presented him with three options.
나무꾼 namukkun woodcutter; lumberjack 그 나무꾼은 깊은 산속에서 나무를 베며 살아갔다.The woodcutter lived by felling trees deep in the mountains.
연못 yeonmot pond; small lake 도끼가 연못에 빠져 물 속으로 사라졌다.The axe fell into the pond and disappeared into the water.
도끼 dokki axe; hatchet 낡은 도끼로도 충분히 일할 수 있었다.An old axe was sufficient for his work.
정직함 jeongjikham honesty; integrity; uprightness 그의 정직함이 결국 그를 구원했다.His integrity ultimately saved him.
거짓 geojit lie; falsehood; deception 거짓으로 울음을 흉내 내는 것은 신령을 속이는 행위였다.Feigning tears through deception was an act of deceiving the spirit.
시험 siheom test; trial; examination 신령은 그의 마음을 시험하기 위해 나타났다.The spirit appeared to test his heart.
모습 moseup appearance; form; shape 신령의 모습은 어떤 사람도 예상할 수 없었다.No one could have anticipated the spirit's appearance.
보상 bosang reward; compensation; recompense 정직한 행동에 대한 보상으로 그는 황금 도끼를 받았다.As a reward for his honest behavior, he received a golden axe.
운명 unmyeong fate; destiny; fortune 욕심쟁이의 운명은 결국 비극으로 끝났다.The greedy man's fate ultimately ended in tragedy.
전해지다 jeonhaejida to be handed down; to be transmitted; to be passed on 이 이야기는 수백 년 동안 세대를 거쳐 전해져 왔다.This story has been transmitted through generations for hundreds of years.

Reading Text

옛날 어느 산골 마을에 가난하지만 성실한 나무꾼 한 명이 살고 있었는데, 그는 매일 아침 도끼를 들고 산으로 올라가 나무를 베며 생계를 유지하고 있었다.

Long ago, in a remote mountain village, there lived a poor but diligent woodcutter who, every morning, would climb into the mountains with his axe to fell trees and earn his livelihood.

어느 날 그가 연못가에서 나무를 베고 있을 때 갑자기 물이 출렁이더니, 신령이라고 불리는 초자연적인 존재가 물 위로 떠올랐고, 그 신령은 그에게 세 개의 도끼 중 하나를 선택하라고 제시했다.

One day, as he was felling trees by the pond, the water suddenly rippled, and a supernatural being known as a spirit rose from the water's surface, presenting him with the choice to select one of three axes.

신령이 먼저 황금으로 만들어진 화려한 도끼를 들어 보였을 때, 나무꾼은 그것이 자신의 것이 아니라고 정직하게 말했으며, 다음으로 은으로 만들어진 도끼가 제시되었을 때도 그는 동일하게 거절하며 자신의 낡은 철제 도끼만이 자신의 소유물이라고 주장했다.

When the spirit first showed him a splendid golden axe, the woodcutter honestly stated that it was not his, and when a silver axe was subsequently presented, he similarly refused, insisting that only his old iron axe belonged to him.

그러나 욕심이 많은 또 다른 나무꾼이 같은 상황에 처했을 때는 전혀 다른 결과가 나타났는데, 그는 황금 도끼를 자신의 것이라고 거짓으로 주장하며 신령을 속이려고 시도했다.

However, when a different woodcutter consumed by greed found himself in the same situation, an entirely different outcome emerged, as he falsely claimed the golden axe as his own and attempted to deceive the spirit.

신령은 정직한 나무꾼에게 세 개의 도끼를 모두 주며 그의 성실함과 욕심 없는 마음을 높이 평가했고, 반면에 거짓을 말한 욕심쟁이 나무꾼은 신령의 분노를 사게 되어 결국 모든 것을 잃게 되는 비극적인 운명을 맞이하게 되었다.

The spirit rewarded the honest woodcutter by giving him all three axes, highly valuing his integrity and his lack of greed, whereas the greedy woodcutter who had lied incurred the spirit's wrath and ultimately met a tragic fate, losing everything.

이 이야기는 수백 년 동안 한국의 부모들이 자녀들에게 전해온 도덕적 교훈으로, 정직함과 겸손함이 어떤 물질적 부보다 더 큰 가치를 지니고 있으며, 욕심과 거짓은 결국 자신을 파멸로 이끈다는 진리를 담고 있다.

This story, which Korean parents have transmitted to their children for centuries, embodies the moral lesson that honesty and humility possess greater value than any material wealth, and that greed and deception ultimately lead to one's own destruction.

Grammar Points

-(으)ㄴ/는 반면(에) whereas / on the other hand

Used to contrast two opposing situations or facts, meaning 'whereas' or 'on the other hand'. Attaches to a verb/adjective stem.

📖 신령은 정직한 나무꾼에게 세 개의 도끼를 모두 주며 그의 성실함과 욕심 없는 마음을 높이 평가했고, 반면에 거짓을 말한 욕심쟁이 나무꾼은 신령의 분노를 사게 되어 결국 모든 것을 잃게 되는 비극적인 운명을 맞이하게 되었다. The spirit gave all three axes to the honest woodcutter and highly praised his sincerity and ungreedy heart, whereas the greedy woodcutter who told lies ended up incurring the spirit's wrath and met a tragic fate of losing everything.

✏️ 언니는 공부를 잘하는 반면에 나는 운동을 더 좋아한다. My older sister is good at studying, whereas I prefer sports.

-게 되다 come to / end up

Expresses a change of situation or an outcome that comes about, meaning 'come to' or 'end up'. Formed by attaching -게 되다 to a verb stem.

📖 신령은 정직한 나무꾼에게 세 개의 도끼를 모두 주며 그의 성실함과 욕심 없는 마음을 높이 평가했고, 반면에 거짓을 말한 욕심쟁이 나무꾼은 신령의 분노를 사게 되어 결국 모든 것을 잃게 되는 비극적인 운명을 맞이하게 되었다. The spirit gave all three axes to the honest woodcutter and highly praised his sincerity and ungreedy heart, whereas the greedy woodcutter who told lies ended up incurring the spirit's wrath and met a tragic fate of losing everything.

✏️ 열심히 공부하다 보니 결국 장학금을 받게 되었다. After studying hard, I ended up receiving a scholarship.

Cultural Notes

The tale of "Gold Axe, Silver Axe" reflects a deeply rooted value system in Korean culture that prioritizes moral character and virtue over material accumulation—a principle influenced by Confucian ethics, which have shaped Korean society for centuries. In traditional Korean education, folk tales such as this served as primary vehicles for transmitting values and teaching children about consequences, demonstrating that Korean parenting has historically emphasized ethical development alongside practical skills. The presence of supernatural beings or spirits (신령) in Korean folklore, often depicted as judges of human morality, reveals a cultural belief that the universe itself rewards virtue and punishes vice, a worldview that remains influential in contemporary Korean society and literature.

🎴 Learn this article's 12 words Practice as flashcards →

📝 Comprehension Questions

Write your own answer first — then see others' and the model answer.

Q1

What was the primary occupation of the woodcutter, and what did he do every morning to sustain his livelihood?

💬 0 answers

Be the first to answer ✍️

🔒 Submit your answer to reveal others'
Q2

When the spirit presented three axes to the honest woodcutter, which axe did he correctly identify as his own, and why did he refuse the other two?

💬 0 answers

Be the first to answer ✍️

🔒 Submit your answer to reveal others'
Q3

How did the greedy woodcutter's response to the spirit's test differ from that of the honest woodcutter, and what consequences did his dishonesty bring?

💬 0 answers

Be the first to answer ✍️

🔒 Submit your answer to reveal others'
Q4

What reward did the spirit give to the woodcutter who demonstrated integrity, and what does this suggest about the spirit's values?

💬 0 answers

Be the first to answer ✍️

🔒 Submit your answer to reveal others'
Q5

According to the passage, what moral lesson has this folk tale conveyed to Korean families across generations, and what two abstract concepts does it contrast?

💬 0 answers

Be the first to answer ✍️

🔒 Submit your answer to reveal others'

Comments (0)

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *